Compendium of Beet Diseases and Pests, Second Edition

Compendium of Beet Diseases and Pests, Second Edition

Compendium of Beet Diseases and Pests, Second Edition is a complete revision of the first edition and is updated and expanded to provide current and relevant beet (Beta vulgaris L.) production problems in one comprehensive volume. This revision was authored by 28 scientists affiliated with 14 different institutions or organizations, and contains nearly 400 images throughout, approximately 80% of which are new to this volume.
This second edition has been significantly expanded and is organized into several major sections, including a new introduction with brief histories of beet production, botany, and breeding. The remainder of the book is divided into 5 major parts: biotic disorders, abiotic disorders, postharvest deterioration of sugar beet, major insect and arthropod pests, and newly emerging issues. The description of each disease includes a general account of its importance and world distribution, symptoms, causal organism or agent, disease cycle and epidemiology, management, and selected references.

This volume includes significantly updated and timely information concerning rhizomania and several other new soilborne viral diseases transmitted by Polymyxa betae. It also includes several emerging production issues of potential concern including development of fungicide resistant strains of Cercospora betae, root disease complexes, and new diseases such as black beet scorch and non-traditional Fusarium-associated problems. Special emphasis was placed on increasing the number of images of plant injury symptoms due to herbicides, nutritional deficiencies, and pathogens and insects – along with their distinguishing characteristics.
Compendium of Beet Diseases and Pests, Second Edition will be useful to field workers, diagnosticians, plant pathologists, extension specialists, agronomists, entomologists, vegetable horticulturists, and master gardeners. Although emphasizing sugar beets, the information will also pertain to problems associated with other forms of beets, including fodder and table (red) beet, and Swiss chard. An extended effort was made to include images and descriptions of production issues affecting these crops as well.
 

Contents

Introduction
History of Beet Production and Usage
Botany of the Beet Plant
Breeding for Disease and Insect Resistance
Part I. Biotic Disorders
Disease Development
Pathogens of Beet
Foliar Diseases Caused by Fungi and Oomycetes
Cercospora Leaf Spot
Ramularia Leaf Spot
Phoma Leaf Spot
Alternaria Leaf Spot
Rhizoctonia Foliar Blight
Powdery Mildew
Downy Mildew
Beet Tumor or Crown Wart
Beet Rust and Seedling Rust
Gray Mold or Botrytis Blight
Root Diseases Caused by Fungi and Oomycetes
Seedling Diseases
Aphanomyces Root Rot
Charcoal Rot
Fusarium Yellows
Fusarium Root Rot
Phoma Root Rot
Phytophthora Root Rot
Rhizoctonia Root and Crown Rot
Pythium Root Rot
Violet Root Rot
Phymatotrichum Root Rot
Rhizopus Root Rot
Southern Sclerotium Root Rot
Verticillium Wilt
Diseases Caused by Viruses and Viruslike Entities
Viruses Transmitted by Polymyxa betae
Beet necrotic yellow vein virus
Beet soilborne mosaic virus
Beet soilborne virus and Beet virus Q
Soilborne Virus Complex
Virus Yellows Complex
Beet Yellows
Beet Western Yellows
Beet Chlorosis
Beet Mild Yellowing
Beet Yellow Stunt
Curly Top
Cucumber Mosaic
Beet Mosaic
Beet Leaf Curl
Beet Savoy
Lettuce Infectious Yellows
Beet Yellow Vein
Beet Yellow Net
Diseases Caused by Bacteria and Mollicutes
Bacterial Vascular Necrosis and Rot
Bacterial Leaf Spot
Yellow Wilt
Syndrome des Basses Richesses
Beet Latent Rosette
Scab
Soft Rot
Bacterial Pocket
Silvering Disease
Crown Gall
Nematode Parasites of Sugar Beet
Sugar Beet Cyst Nematode
Root-Knot Nematodes
False Root-Knot Nematodes
Stem and Bulb Nematode and Potato Rot Nematode
Clover Cyst Nematode
Stubby-Root and Needle Nematodes
Other Nematode Parasites of Beet

Part II. Abiotic Disorders
Nutritional Disorders
Uniform Yellowing
Stunted Greening
Leaf Scorch
Growing-Point Damage
Yellowing with Green Veining
Herbicide Issues in Beet
Herbicide Injury
Transgenic Sugar Beet
Other Disorders
Part III. Postharvest Deterioration of Sugar Beet
Storage Rots
Respiration
Nonsucrose Carbohydrate Accumulation
Minimizing Postharvest Losses
Part IV. Major Insect and Arthropod Pests
Root Feeders
Sugarbeet Root Maggot
Palestriped Flea Beetle
Wireworms
White Grubs
Springtails (Subterranean)
Sugarbeet Root Aphid
Garden Symphylan
Leaf and Crown Feeders
Sugarbeet Crown Borer
Beet Petiole Borer
Webworms
Cutworms
Armyworms
Flea Beetles
Springtails (Foliar Feeding)
Blister Beetles
Carrion Beetles
Grasshoppers
Leaf-Feeding Weevil
Thrips
Leafminers
Lygus Bugs
False Chinch Bug
Spider Mites
Aphids
Beet Leafhopper
Empoasca Leafhoppers
Silverleaf Whitefly (Sweetpotato Whitefly)
Yellow Wilt Leafhopper

Part V. Newly Emerging Issues Affecting Production
Fungicide Resistance in Cercospora beticola
Central High Plains Perspective
Red River Valley Perspective
Multiple Root Disease Complexes
New Diseases of Unknown Importance
Other Fusarium-Associated Problems
Black beet scorch virus
Glossary
Index