Food and Agricultural Wastewater Utilization and Treatment

Food and Agricultural Wastewater Utilization and Treatment

Food and Agricultural Wastewater Utilization and Treatment focuses on the cost-effective treatment technologies specific for food and agriculture wastewater and possible economical recovery of valuable substances from wastewater during common food processing and postharvest operations using innovative technologies. The technologies included in the book are not a mere collection of all known relevant technologies. Instead, priority consideration is given to those technologies that can not only solve the environmental problem of wastewater disposal but also reduce the wastewater management cost in the long run for food and agriculture industries. The book combines past decades of research on food and agricultural wastewater issues with an abundance of emerging research on innovative separation technologies to separate biological molecules from complex biological systems. Food technologists as well as environmental and agricultural engineers/scientists will find Food and Agricultural Wastewater Utilization and Treatment invaluable in their quest of improving food and agricultural wastewater management.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction.
1.1. Characteristics of Food and Agricultural Wastewater.
1.2. Material Balances and Stoichiometry.
1.3. Energy Balances.
1.4. Fluid Flows.
1.5. Mass Transport Processes.
1.6. Kinetics and Reaction Rates.
1.7. Theoretical Reactor Design and Modeling.
1.8. Process Economics.
Chapter 2: Basic Microbiology.
2.1. Introduction.
2.2. Structures of Cells.
2.3. Important Cell Types.
2.4. Microbial Metabolism.
2.5 Nitrification.
2.6 Denitrification.
2.7 Further Reading.
2.8 References.
Chapter 3: Physicochemical Wastewater Treatment Processes.
3.1. Introduction.
3.2. Equalization Basins.
3.3. Screen.
3.4. Flotation.
3.5. Coagulation and Flocculation.
3.6. Sedimentation.
3.7. Filtration Processes.
3.8. Adsorption.
3.9. Chemical Oxidation.
3.10. Membrane Separations.
3.11. Ion Exchange.
3.12. Chapter Remarks.
3.13. Further Reading.
3.14. References.
Chapter 4: Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes.
4.1. Introduction.
4.2. Kinetics of Biochemical Systems.
4.3. Idealized Biochemical Reactors.
4.4. Completely Mixed Aerated Lagoon.
4.5. Aerobic Digester.
4.6. Trickling Filter.
4.7. Rotating Contactor.
4.8. Combined Aerobic Processes.
4.9. Anaerobic Digester.
4.10. Further Reading.
4.11. References.
Chapter 5: Advanced Wastewater Treatment Processes.
5.1. Biological Removal of Nitrogen: Nitrification and Denitrification.
5.2. Physicochemical Removal of Nitrogen.
5.3. Physicochemical Removal of Phosphorous.
5.4. Biological Removal of Phosphorous.
5.5. Membrane Processes.
5.6. VOC Removal with Pervaporation.
5.7. Disinfections.
5.8. Further Reading.
5.9. References.
Chapter 6: Natural Systems for Wastewater Treatment.
6.1. Introduction.
6.2. Stabilization Pones.
6.3. Land Treatment Systems.
6.4. Wetland Systems.
6.5. Aquatic Systems.
6.6. Further Reading.
6.7. References.
Chapter 7: Sludge and Treatment Plant Residual Management.
7.1. Sludge Quality and Characteristics.
7.2. Sludge Thickening (Concentration).
7.3. Sludge Drying.
7.4. Reed Beds.
7.5. Vermistabilization.
7.6. Composting.
7.7. Sludge Stabilization.
7.8. Reed Bed.
7.9. Conditioning of Sludge.
7.10. Dewatering.
7.11. Land Applications and Surface Disposal.
7.12. Incineration.
7.13. Further Reading.
7.14. References.
Chapter 8: Recoverable Products from Food and Agricultural Wastewater.
8.1. Introduction.
8.2. Recoverable Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins for Human and Animal Consumptions.
8.3. Recoverable Aroma Flavoring Compounds from Food Processing.
8.4. Recoverable Food/Agricultural Biomaterials for Non-Food Uses.
8.5. Energy or Fuel Generations from Wastewaters.
8.6. Potential Applications of Industrial Commodities Derived from Sludge Treatment.
8.7. Further Reading.
8.8. References.
Chapter 9: Economics of Food and Agricultural Wastewater Treatment and Utilization.
9.1. Introduction.
9.2. Estimating the Unit Cost of Treating Food and Agricultural Wastewater.
9.3. Estimating Overall Costs of Wastewater Treatment Processes with Substance and Energy Recovery.
9.4. Further Reading.
9.5. References.
Index