Compendium of Apple and Pear Diseases and Pests, Second Edition
Of the 40-plus books produced in the popular “APS PRESS Compendium of Plant Disease Series, Compendium of Apple and Pear Diseases and Pests, Second Edition, is the biggest ever and among of the most comprehensive. Nearly double the size of the previous edition, it boasts a total of 343 color images and more figures than any other compendium to date, offering second-to-none diagnostic coverage of these two important crops.
Of the many changes in this second edition, the most notable may be the addition of a new section that includes coverage of insects and mites, also known as arthropods. This section alone features 90 species and 160 color images which make this handbook a cross-disciplinary reference and scouting guide that will be utilized by extension professionals and the growers they serve for years to come.
All the original disease chapters of the first edition published in 1990 have been revised, many extensively, and 11 new chapters have been added. All chapters include the latest information on the distribution, biology, identification, and management of the many diseases and arthropod pests that occur worldwide.
This colorful guidebook is essential for ensuring early detection of disease and insect symptoms in order to implement control measures to maximum yields and product quality. It is an invaluable resource for anyone involved in healthy apple and pear production, including plant pathologists, entomologists, pomologists, extension agents, master gardeners, horticulturists, IPM practitioners, pesticide applicators, agrochemical professionals, private consultants, and growers.
The book is easy to use. It allows users to match the symptoms and pests on their trees with the book's color photographs. Users can then refer to the corresponding text which describes the related symptoms, causes, cycles, and control practices for the particular disease, insect, or mite. The authors also describe nutritional and postharvest disorders of apples and pears and provide recommendations to minimize or improve these issues.
Collectively the authors of this comprehensive work represent 12 countries and the editors have over 120 years’ experience in studying the biology and management of diseases and arthropod pests of apples and pears.
Contents
Introduction
Origin of Domestic Apples and Pears
Growth and Fruiting Habits of Apples and Pears
Cultivars
Rootstocks
Growing Systems
Harvest and Handling
Part I. Infectious Diseases
Diseases Caused by Fungi Foliar and Fruit Diseases
Apple Scab
Powdery Mildew
Rust Diseases
Cedar Apple Rust
Quince Rust
American Hawthorn Rust
Japanese Apple Rust
Japanese Pear Rust
European Pear Rust
Kern’s Pear Rust
Pacific Coast Pear Rust
Rocky Mountain Pear Rust
Bitter Rot
White Rot
Black Rot
Sooty Blotch and Flyspeck
Pear Scab
Asian Pear Scab
Fabraea Leaf Spot
Elsinoe Leaf and Fruit Spot
Brown Spot of Pear
Alternaria Blotch
Japanese Pear Black Spot
Brooks Fruit Spot
Phoma Leaf and Fruit Spot
Blotch
Black Pox of Apple and Blister Canker of Pear
Apple Ring Rot
X-Spot
Dry Eye Rot
Calyx-End Rot
Moldy Core and Core Rots
Phytophthora Fruit Rot
Monilia Leaf Blight
Brown Rot Diseases
Mycosphaerella Leaf Spot
Marssonina Blotch
Zonate Leaf Spot
Thread Blight
Canker and Wood Rot Diseases
Nectria Twig Blight
Nectria Canker
Anthracnose Canker and Perennial Canker
Diaporthe Canker
Phomopsis Canker, Rough Bark, and Fruit Decay
Valsa Canker
Leucostoma Canker
Diplodia Canker
Apple Nailhead Canker
Monochaetia Twig Canker
Silver Leaf
Wood Decays
Root Rot and Replant Diseases
Phytophthora Collar, Crown, and Root Rots
Rosellinia (Dematophora) Root Rot
Apple Replant Disease
Black Root Rot
Armillaria Root Rot
Phymatotrichopsis Root Rot
Southern Blight
White Root Rot
Violet Root Rot
Peniophora Root Canker
Postharvest Diseases
Blue Mold
Gray Mold
Bull’s-Eye Rot
Alternaria Rot
Mucor Rot
Side Rot
Sphaeropsis Rot
Phacidiopycnis Rot
Cladosporium Rot
Coprinus Rot
Speck Rot
Fungi Causing Miscellaneous Postharvest Diseases
Diseases Caused by Bacteria
Fire Blight
Asian Pear Blight
Blister Spot
Bacterial Blossom Blast
Bacterial Blister Bark
Crown Gall
Hairy Root
Diseases Caused by Viruses
Chlorotic Leaf Spot (Apple Topworking Disease)
Apple Stem Grooving
Stem Pitting
Apple Mosaic
Flat Apple
Apple Union Necrosis
Pear Vein Yellows
Pear Ring Pattern Mosaic
Diseases Caused by Phytoplasmas
Apple Proliferation
Pear Decline
Diseases Caused by Viroids
Apple Scar Skin and Dapple Apple
Apple Fruit Crinkle (Apple Blister Bark on ‘Starking Delicious’)
Apple Dimple Fruit
Viruslike or Graft-Transmissible Diseases with No Known Causal Agents
Apple Decline
Chat Fruit
Transmissible Apple Fruit Disorders
Transmissible Apple Bark Disorders
Rubbery Wood
Dead Spur
Pear Stony Pit
Pear Bark Disorders
Pear Concentric Ring Pattern
Diseases Caused by Nematodes Plant-Parasitic Nematodes
Root Lesion Nematodes
Dagger Nematodes
Root-Knot Nematodes
Other Nematodes
Part II. Noninfectious Disorders
Nutritional Disorders
Disorders Caused by Environmental Factors
Genetic and Physiological Disorders
Burrknot
Internal Bark Necrosis
Necrotic Leaf Blotch
Honeycrisp Leaf Chlorosis
Postharvest Disorders
Bitter Pit of Apple
Black End of Pear
Core Breakdown of Pear
Bitter Pit of Pear
Jonathan Spot of Apple
Pink End of ‘Bartlett’ Pear
Pithy Brown Core of Pear
Superficial Scald
Water Core of Apple
Part III. Arthropod Pests
Internal Fruit Damage
Internal-Feeding Tortricids
Codling Moth
Oriental Fruit Moth
Lesser Appleworm
Peach Fruit Moth
Fruit Flies and Midges
Apple Maggot
Mediterranean Fruit Fly
South American Fruit Fly
Queensland Fruit Fly
Pear Midge
Sawflies and Chalcids
European Apple Sawfly
Dock Sawfly
Apple Seed Chalcid
Fruit Surface Damage
Leafrollers and Fruitworms
Brazilian Apple Leafroller
Chilean Fruit Leafroller
Light Brown Apple Moth
Obliquebanded Leafroller
Tufted Apple Bud Moth
Pandemis Leafrollers
Redbanded Leafroller
Variegated Leafroller
Green Fruitworms
Lacanobia Fruitworm
Other Tortricids
Weevils
Plum Curculio
Apple Curculio
Mirids
Tarnished Plant Bug
Pear Plant Bug
Mullein Plant Bug
Apple Brown Bug
Apple Red Bug and False Apple Red Bug
Apple Dimpling Bug
Stink Bugs
Mealybugs
Thrips
Leaf and Bud Damage
Aphids and Psyllids
Green Apple Aphids
Rosy Apple Aphid
Woolly Apple Aphid
Pear Psylla
Leafhoppers
Potato Leafhopper
White Apple Leafhopper
Rose Leafhopper
Leafminers
Spotted Tentiform Leafminer and Apple Blotch Leafminer
Apple Leafminer
Western Tentiform Leafminer
Weevils and Other Beetles
Chilean Grape Snout Beetle
Apple Blossom Weevil
Banded Fruit Weevil
Japanese Beetle
Midges
Apple and Pear Leaf-Curling Midges
Bark, Stem, and Root Damage
Scales
San Jose Scale
Other Scales
Wood-Boring Lepidoptera
Dogwood Borer
Apple Bark Borer
American Plum Borer
Apple Clearwing Moth
Cicadas
Apple-Boring Beetles
Roundheaded Appletree Borer
Flatheaded Appletree Borer
Broad-Necked Root Borer and Tilehorned Prionus
Mite Pests
European Red Mite
Apple Rust Mite
Pear Rust Mite
Pearleaf Blister Mite
Spider Mites
Twospotted Spider Mite
Brown Mite
McDaniel Spider Mite
Glossary
Index
