Compendium of Sunflower Diseases and Pests
This all-new disease and insect compendium for sunflower crops will serve as a vital field guide at universities, extension offices, diagnostic labs, farms, and even homes where sunflowers are grown. It includes nearly 300 images and research-based management recommendations, allowing users to scout, identify, and manage a range of plant diseases and insect pests of sunflowers…whether they’re grown for food or décor!
The Compendium of Sunflower Diseases and Pests is organized into major parts that include Biotic Diseases, Insect Pests, Abiotic Diseases and Disorders, and Emerging Issues for Sunflower Production. The history of sunflower production and usage, as well as botany and breeding are also covered. It specifically features…
• Color photographs to accurately identify sunflower disease symptoms, spores, insect pests, and disorders
• Worldwide distribution maps of various plant pathogens that affect sunflower production
• Images and descriptions of life insect life cycles
• Descriptions of plant pathogens and their differences to introduce basic concepts of plant pathology
• An up-to-date glossary of common diseases and their scientific names
This new publication is truly an international effort, authored by 37 expert scientists at institutions from Africa, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America.
Contents
Introduction
History of Sunflower Use and Production
Native Americans
Leaving North America
Impact of World War II
Return to North America
Introduction of Hybrid Seed
Current Use and Production
Botany of the Sunflower Plant
Taxonomy
Genetics
Physical Characteristics
Growth Cycle
Sunflower Oil
Breeding of Sunflower Plants
Approaches to Breeding
Breeding for Disease Resistance
Additional Breeding Challenges
Part I. Biotic Diseases
Disease Development
Biotic Disease
Abiotic Disease
Pathogens of Sunflower
Fungi
Oomycetes
Bacteria
Phytoplasmas
Viruses
Nematodes
Parasitic Plants
Diseases Caused by Fungi and Oomycetes
Major Foliar Diseases
Alternaria Leaf Blight and Stem Spot
Downy Mildew
Powdery Mildew
Rust
Septoria Leaf Spot
White Rust
Other Rusts Caused by Puccinia, Uromyces, and Coleosporium spp.
Minor Foliar Diseases
Leaf Smut
Myrothecium Leaf Spot
Ramularia Leaf Spot
Root, Stem, and Stalk Rot Diseases
Charcoal Rot
Fusarium Stalk Rot
Phoma Black Stem
Phomopsis Stem Canker (Diaporthe/Phomopsis spp. Complex)
Phymatotrichopsis Root Rot
Phytophthora Stem/Collar Rot
Root and Basal Stem Rots
Diseases Caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium spp.
Sclerotinia Stem Rot
Southern Blight
Head Rot Diseases
Alternaria Head Rot
Botrytis Head Rot
Rhizopus Head Rot
Sclerotinia Head Rot and Midstalk Rot
Wilt Diseases
Fusarium Wilt
Phialophora Yellows
Sclerotinia Root Rot, Basal Stalk Rot, and Wilt
Verticillium Wilt
Diseases Caused by Bacteria
Apical Chlorosis
Bacterial Leaf Spot
Bacterial Stalk and Head Rot
Bacterial Wilt
Crown Gall
Diseases Caused by Phytoplasmas
Aster Yellows
Sunflower Phyllody Phytoplasma
Diseases Caused by Parasitic Nematodes
Root-Knot Nematodes
Root-Lesion Nematodes
Other Nematodes
Diseases Caused by Viruses
Pelargonium Zonate Spot
Sunflower Chlorotic Mottle
Sunflower Mild Mosaic
Sunflower Mosaic
Sunflower Necrosis
Sunflower Ringspot
Disease Caused by a Parasitic Plant
Broomrape
Part II. Insect Pests
Head Feeders
Banded Sunflower Moth
Sunflower Bud Moth
Headclipping Weevil
Sunflower Midge
Sunflower Head Moth
Sunflower Receptacle Maggot
Sunflower Seed Maggot
Sunflower Seed Weevils
Sap Feeders
Aphids
Lygus Bugs
Defoliators
Palestriped Flea Beetle
Sunflower Beetle
Thistle Caterpillar (Painted Lady Butterfly)
Cutworms
Grasshoppers
Stem Borers
Dectes Stem Borer
Sunflower Maggot
Sunflower Stem Weevil
Part III. Abiotic Diseases and Disorders
Genetic Disorders
Environmental Damage and Disorders
Nutritional Disorders
Herbicide Injury
Part IV. Emerging Issues for Sunflower Production
Appearance and Distribution of New Pathogen Races
Rust Pathogen: Puccinia helianthi
Determination of Races
Distribution of Races
Downy Mildew Pathogen: Plasmopara halstedii
Determination of Races
Distribution of Races
Anticipating Race Changes
Fungicide Insensitivity in the Downy Mildew Pathogen
Determination of Fungicide Insensitivity
Fungicide Insensitivity of Plasmopara halstedii
FRAC Code 4 Fungicides
FRAC Code 11 Fungicides
Seedborne and Seed-Transmitted Diseases
Appendix
Glossary
Index
