Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests
The 1970s were the heyday of research on bedding plants—a time when both interest and innovation blossomed. But since then, a lot has changed! Many new species and cultivars have been introduced, changes in propagation procedures have resulted in more frequent outbreaks of diseases and infestations of insect pests, and the long-distance exchange of plant materials has facilitated worldwide movement of new and sometimes pesticide-resistant pathogens and arthropod pests. Management strategies have changed significantly, as well, and now include enhanced clean stock production for some crops, more rigorous sanitation practices, and applications of improved chemical pesticides and biological controls.
Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests summarizes all the latest research-based information about diseases, disorders, and arthropod pests of annuals grown as bedding plants. The information has been compiled by A. R. Chase, Margery L. Daughtrey, and Raymond A. Cloyd. All three authors have worked extensively with the U.S. greenhouse industry for many years and thus provide a well-informed and practical perspective.
The nature of bedding plant production, in which hundreds of species are grown within one operation, makes it extremely challenging to simultaneously manage the many potential pathogens and arthropod pests. Throughout the production cycle, bedding plants are exposed repeatedly to disease-causing microorganisms, insects, and mites. And then these plants are exposed to even more sources of pests and pathogens when they are moved outdoors into landscapes. Anticipating when, where, and why diseases, disorders, and pest infestations can occur on bedding plants is the key to prevention.
Growers and gardeners will find all of this information in Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests. The content is organized into these major parts:
• The Introduction provides an overview of the industry and the issues specific to bedding plant production.
• Part I, Infectious Diseases, is divided into sections on diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, viroids, and viruses. More than 75 individual diseases are discussed in terms of their distribution, symptoms, causal agent or organism, disease cycle and epidemiology, and management.
• Part II, Abiotic Diseases and Disorders, addresses stress-induced conditions caused by a number of factors, including air pollution, excess and insufficient light, nutritional imbalances, pesticide toxicity, and water imbalances.
• Part III, Arthropod Pests, begins with an overview of production and management topics specific to insects and mites and then addresses 22 important pests in terms of life cycle, damage, and management.
• Three appendixes provide scientific and common names of more than 100 host plants, common names of diseases and their pathogens, and scientific and common names of insect, mite, and mollusk pests. A glossary and an index provide helpful tools for readers of all interest and knowledge levels.
This in-depth content is enhanced by 188 color photographs of symptoms and signs of diseases and disorders and of pests and pest damage. These high-quality photos will provide important aids to scouts, help growers to identify problems early (before they spread), and expedite the findings of diagnosticians. In addition, 24 comprehensive tables distill information on topics such as the effectiveness of pesticides against target pathogens and pests. These tables will serve as handy references to assist readers in disease and pest management.
Compendium of Bedding Plant Diseases and Pests is the most up-to-date and thorough book available regarding diseases, disorders, and arthropod pests of bedding plants. It provides a comprehensive, authoritative resource for a broad range of readers—from diagnosticians, extension plant pathologists, horticulturists, and students to greenhouse and nursery producers, garden center operators, and landscape designers and gardeners. Indeed, any gardener—even a beginner with just a few patio plants—will find this book interesting and informative. Growers will find it indispensable.
Contents
INTRODUCTION
PART I. INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Diseases Caused by Bacteria
Crown Gall
Leaf Spot and Blight Caused by Pseudomonas cichorii
Leaf Spots Caused by Pseudomonas syringae Pathovars
Leafy Gall (Bacterial Fasciation)
Phytoplasma Diseases
Soft Rot Diseases Caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya spp.
Southern Bacterial Wilt
Diseases Caused by Xanthomonas campestris Pathovars
Bacterial Blight of Matthiola spp.
Bacterial Blight of Geranium
Bacterial Leaf Spot of Ranunculus
Bacterial Leaf Spot and Flower Spot of Zinnia
Disease Caused by Xylella fastidiosa
Diseases Caused by Fungi
Alternaria Leaf Spot
Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Anthracnose of Cyclamen Caused by Cryptocline cyclaminis
Botrytis Blight
Cercospora Leaf Spot of Pansy
Choanephora Wet Rot
Corynespora Leaf Spot
Fairy Ring Leaf Spot
Fusarium Root, Crown, and Stem Rots
Fusarium Crown and Stem Rot of Lisianthus
Vascular Wilts Caused by Fusarium oxysporum
Fusarium Wilt of Cyclamen
Itersonilia Petal Blight of China Aster
Mycocentrospora Leaf Spot of Pansy
Myrothecium Diseases
Phomopsis Stem and Leaf Blight of Lisianthus
Phyllosticta Leaf Spot of Salvia spp.
Powdery Mildew Diseases
Begonia Powdery Mildew
Petunia Powdery Mildews
Verbena Powdery Mildew
Diseases Caused by Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizopus Blight of Gerber Daisy and Vinca
Rust Diseases
Bellis Rust
Brown Rust of Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum White Rust
Geranium Rust
Salvia Rusts
Snapdragon Rust
Disease Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Southern Blight
Disease Caused by Thielaviopsis basicola
Verticillium Wilt
White Smut
Diseases Caused by Oomycetes
Downy Mildews
Downy Mildew on Sweet Alyssum and Stock
Downy Mildew on Coleus
Downy Mildew on Impatiens
Downy Mildew on Pansy and Viola
Downy Mildew on Salvia spp.
Downy Mildew on Snapdragon
Downy Mildew on Verbena< /h5>
Phytophthora Diseases
Diseases Caused by Phytophthora cryptogea
Diseases Caused by Phytophthora drechsleri
Diseases Caused by Phytophthora infestans
Diseases Caused by Phytophthora nicotianae
Diseases Caused by Phytophthora tropicalis and P. capsici
Diseases Caused by Globisporangium, Phytopythium, and Pythium spp.
White Blister Rusts
Diseases Caused by Nematodes
Root-Knot Nematodes
Foliar Nematodes
Diseases Caused by Viroids
Diseases Caused by Viruses
Alternanthera Mosaic
Angelonia Flower Break
Bean Yellow Mosaic
Bidens Mottle
Broad Bean Wilt
Calibrachoa Mottle
Cucumber Mosaic
Dahlia Mosaic
Lisianthus Necrosis
Nemesia Ring Necrosis
Pelargonium Flower Break
Petunia Vein Clearing
Tobacco Mosaic
Tobacco Ringspot
Tobacco Streak
Tomato Spotted Wilt, Impatiens Necrotic Spot, and Other Tospovirus Diseases
Verbena Virus Y
PART II. ABIOTIC DISEASES AND DISORDERS
Air Pollution
Excess or Insufficient Light
Nutritional Imbalances
Nutritional Deficiencies
Excessive Levels of Soluble Salts
Micronutrient Toxicities
Pesticide Toxicity (Phytotoxicity)
Water Imbalances
PART III. ARTHROPOD PESTS
Overview
Seed and Cutting Propagation
Production of Annual Bedding Plants
After Installation into Landscapes
Management Strategies
Arthropod Pests of Bedding Plants
American Serpentine Leafminer
Aphids
Aster Leafhopper
Bandedwinged Whitefly
Broad Mite
Caterpillars
Chilli Thrips
Citrus Mealybug
Cyclamen Mite
Fourlined Plant Bug
Fungus Gnats
Greenhouse Thrips
Greenhouse Whitefly
Japanese Beetle
Potato Leafhopper
Shore Flies
Slugs and Snails
Spotted Cucumber Beetle
Sweetpotato Whitefly
Tarnished Plant Bug
Twospotted Spider Mite
Western Flower Thrips
APPENDIXES
Appendix I. Host Plants
Appendix II. Diseases of Bedding Plants
Appendix III. Arthropod Pests of Bedding Plants
GLOSSARY
INDEX
