Implementing and Developing Cloud Computing Applications

Implementing and Developing Cloud Computing Applications

From small start-ups to major corporations, companies of all sizes have embraced cloud computing for the scalability, reliability, and cost benefits it can provide. It has even been said that cloud computing may have a greater effect on our lives than the PC and dot-com revolutions combined.
Filled with comparative charts and decision trees, Implementing and Developing Cloud Computing Applications explains exactly what it takes to build robust and highly scalable cloud computing applications in any organization. Covering the major commercial offerings available, it provides authoritative guidance through the implementation process. It puts cloud computing into historical context and considers how cloud computing affects project management, budgeting, and lifecycle management in your organization. It also explains how to:
• Choose the best combination of platforms, tools, and services
• Develop new cloud applications from scratch
• Migrate legacy software
• Prevent lock-in to a single vendor
• Estimate costs and benefits
• Address reliability, availability, and security concerns
• Use interclouding, Cloud Brokers, and other techniques for safe deployment in public, private, and hybrid clouds
• Take advantage of the latest developments, including OpenStack
From software and testing tools to best practices and service providers, this book considers the entire cloud application environment. It details the platforms available, tools that facilitate development, as well as the costs involved. Designed for software developers and their managers, this complete resource includes case studies that illustrate the latest cloud computing technologies, implementation issues, and solutions. It also provides access to a blog to keep you current on the latest developments.

Contents

Executive Summary
Cloud Computing is a True Paradigm Shift
From Do It Yourself to Public Cloud—A Continuum
Cloud Computing: Is It Old Mainframe Bess in a New Dress?
Moving Into and Around the Clouds and Efforts at Standardization
Cloud Economics and Capacity Management
Demystifying the Cloud: A Case Study Using Amazon’s Cloud Services (AWS)
Virtualization: Open Source and VMware
Securing the Cloud: Reliability, Availability, and Security
Scale and Reuse: Standing on the Shoulders of Giants
Windows Azure
Google in the Cloud
Enterprise Cloud Vendors
Cloud Service Providers
Practice Fusion Case Study
Support and Reference Materials
Cloud Computing is a True Paradigm Shift
Introduction
What is Cloud Computing?
We’re Using Cloud Computing Already
New in the Cloud
Other Cloud Applications
What about the Enterprise?
More to Come
From Do It Yourself to Public Cloud—A Continuum
A Brief History
Virtualization
Remote Hosting
Hosting Services
Cloud Computing Defined
The Divisive Issue of Multitenancy
Advantages of Cloud Hosting Over Remote Hosting
The Battle Over Public and Private Clouds
Then Came the Internet
The Argument for Private Clouds
Hybrid Solutions
Cloud Computing for Development
Eucalyptus—Open Source Software Supporting
Hybrid Solutions
Microsoft Also Endorses the Hybrid Model
Cloud Computing: Is It Old Mainframe Bess in a New Dress?
Déjà Vu?
Not Remote Hosting
Cloud Computing is Maturing Quickly
Cloud Computing is Not a New Concept
Vision of Computer Utility
Desktop Virtualization
PaaS: Platform as a Service
SaaS Applications
Force.com and Standing on Tall Shoulders
Other Popular SaaS Applications
The Holy Grail of Computing
SaaS 2.0
Moving Into and Around the Clouds and Efforts at Standardization
Portable Software
Openness, Linux, and Apache
Closed Architectures
Legacy Applications and Migration to the Cloud
Preventing Vendor Lock-In as You Migrate to the Cloud
Narrowing the Choices
Scripting Languages
Cloud Software
Cloud-Optimized Linux
CohesiveFT
Zend
Abiquo
3Tera
Elastra
RightScale
Today is Like 1973
Interclouding, Standards, and VMware’s Focus on Open PaaS
DMTF
The Problem of Metering
Remember the Dodo Bird
Cloud Broker
Product Offerings
Cloud Economics and Capacity Management
Capacity Planning: A Play in Three Acts
Queueing Theory
Queuing and Response Time
Historical Note on Computer
Evidence-Based Decision Making
Instrumentation (Measuring Resource Consumption)
Managers Are from Mars, Technologists Are from Venus
Bottlenecks
Getting the Facts
Strategies for Capacity Planning
Critical Success Factors (CSF) and Best Practices
Key Volume Indicators
Demystifying the Cloud: A Case Study Using Amazon’s Cloud Services (AWS)
Why Amazon?
Using Amazon S3
Gladinet Puts a Desktop Face on S3
Moving A Simple Application to the Cloud
Step One: Move Static Content to S3
Step Two: Move Web Servers and Backend Servers to EC2
Moving The Database
Using EBS for MySQL
Accessing Public Data
Crawl, Walk, Run
Scaling and Monitoring: Taking Advantage of Cloud Services
Eucalyptus Enterprise Edition
Nimbula—Roll Your Own Private EC2
Virtualization: Open Source and VMware
The Hypervisor is the Secret Sauce
KVM
Xen
QEMU
Comparing KVM and Xen
Comparing KVM and QEMU
Parallels
A Unique Hypervisor: Microsoft Azure and
Hyper-V
EMC’s VPLEX and VMware
VMware Partners with Salesforce.com and Google VMforce
VMware and Google and Google Speed Tracer
Eucalyptus and VMware
Recent VM Acquisitions
OpenStack
Securing the Cloud: Reliability, Availability, and Security
The FUDD Factor
Leakage
Not All Threats Are External
Virtualization Is Inherently More Secure
Virtualization is Not Enough
The Best Security May Be Unavailable for (In-House) Private Clouds
Providers Make Security Their Business
Cloud Security Providers Employ a Hierarchy of Containment Strategies
How a Denial of Service Attack Is Carried Out
Cloud Computing Offers Enhanced Defenses for Thwarting DoS Attacks
Who’s Responsible? Amazon’s AWS EC2 and Salesforce.com Compared
VMForce.com
Azure and Security
OASIS and SPLM
Trust, but Verify
Independent Third-Party Validation is a Prerequisite
Standards and Vendor Selection
SAS 70 and Cloud Computing
Cloud Security Alliance
SysTrust Certification
Cloud Security Alliance Working Toward
Customers Demand Better Proof
CloudAudit
Scale and Reuse: Standing on the Shoulders of Giants
Cloud Computing on One Foot
Just Make the Call; Let Google Do It
Hardware Reuse
Scale and Reuse (Use it or Lose it)
Service-Oriented Architecture
Web 2.0
Windows Azure
Back to the Future
But Windows had not kept pace
Billionaire’s Agita
Prologue to Windows Azure
Introducing Windows Azure
What is Windows Azure?
Microsoft’s Secret Datacenter
Azure is an Open Platform
How does the Windows Azure SDK for PHP fit in?
Deployment Scenarios
Recent Enhancements
Open Source Embraced
Azure: IaaS or PaaS?
Competition with Salesforce.com
Salesforce.com is Microsoft’s Real Concern
Preparing for Midori
F# and Midori
An Azure Tie-In-to Midori?
Azure Pricing
Microsoft Intune: A New SaaS-based Service
Advanced Management Tools
Intune is Microsoft-Centric
Microsoft Resources
Google in the Cloud
Free is Good
Reaching Out to the Development Community
App Engine Cost Structure
Google Web Toolkit
Google Cloud Applications Built on GWT
Google Gears R.I.P.
Google Apps Script
What Is Google App Engine?
Google App Engine for Business
Collaboration with VMware
Enterprise Cloud Vendors
IBM
Amazon AWS
Hewlett Packard
Oracle (Sun)
CA Technologies
Unisys
Cloud Research
Cloud Service Providers
Comprehensive Cloud Service Providers
IaaS Providers
PaaS Providers
SaaS Providers
Specialized Cloud Software Providers
Practice Fusion Case Study
Practice Fusion
Non-Trivial, Maybe Life-Saving
Typical User
Practice Fusion Resources
Support and Reference Materials
The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing
Characteristics of Cloud Computing
Commonly Cited Benefits of Cloud Computing
Most Cited Risks of Cloud Computing
Coping Strategies for Perceived Risks Associated with Cloud Computing
Threats to Security in the Cloud
Reasons for Capacity Planning
Step-by-Step Work Plan for Capacity Planning with Amazon EC2
Cloud Capacity Planning and Classical
Approach Compared
SLA Failures and Potential Solutions
Coping Strategies for Security Threats
General Questions to Ask When Migrating to the Cloud
Vendor Questions about Security for Cloud Providers (CP)